Assessment of the impact of greenhouse gas emissions in different municipal residual waste treatment scenarios: a case study in the municipality of Juiz de Fora (MG) — Brazil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5327/Z2176-94782390Keywords:
life cycle assessment; urban solid waste; environmental impact.Abstract
Population growth leads to more municipal solid waste (MSW) production, increasing environmental and human health impacts. The National Solid Waste Policy, established by Law No. 12,305/2010, required municipalities to rethink waste management, prioritizing recycling and treatment over final disposal in landfills. This study aimed to assess the environmental impact of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from different MSW recovery scenarios in Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, using the “GHG Emissions Calculator for MSW Management in Brazil” tool, based on the Life Cycle Assessment methodology. Four scenarios were evaluated, taking into account MSW generation characteristics in the municipality for 2017 and 2033 and considering different rates of material recovery and energy recovery from landfill biogas. The results highlighted the significant impacts of landfill disposal, the predominant form of waste disposal in Juiz de Fora. Scenarios with higher material recovery rates performed better in terms of avoided GHG emissions. Furthermore, the study reinforced the importance of using modeling and impact assessment tools for decision-making and defining viable technological pathways for environmentally sound MSW management.
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