Influence of the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio in the atrazine biodegradation from contaminated waters in submerged fermentation by free and immobilized Penicillium chrysogenum NRRL 807

Sinara Cybelle Turíbio e Silva-Nicodmeo; Pedro Ferreira de Souza Filho; Marina Moura Lima; Everaldo Silvino dos Santos; Gorete Ribeiro de Macêdo

doi:10.5327/Z2176-94781905

Autores

Sinara Cybelle Turíbio e Silva-Nicodemo Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte (IFRN) - Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8368-5575
Pedro Ferreira de Souza Filho Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE) - Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1711-7294
Marina Moura Lima SUEZ Industrial Waste Specialties - França https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7367-4901
Everaldo Silvino dos Santos Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) - Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7384-1140
Gorete Ribeiro de Macêdo Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) - Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1297-6647

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5327/Z2176-94781905

Palavras-chave:

pesticidas; degradadação por fungos; nitrogênio exógeno; biofilmes; tecnologia de biorremediação.

Resumo

A atrazina é um pesticida comumente utilizado na agricultura, reconhecido como um potente disruptor endócrino. Dada a sua elevada recalcitrância, seus resíduos têm sido encontrados em mananciais de água potável pelo Brasil e pelo mundo. Diante disso, este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a influência da relação C/N no potencial do fungo Penicillium chrysogenum NRRL 807 para degradar a atrazina em águas contaminadas em fermentação submersa, tanto em sua forma livre como na imobilizada (biofilmes). O fungo cultivado em cultura livre foi capaz de degradar 40,08±5,71% da atrazina presente no meio após cinco dias, enquanto o fungo imobilizado degradou 48,31±1,53% no mesmo tempo de incubação. Notavelmente, a atrazina foi utilizada como fonte de carbono e a degradação foi liderada pelo complexo enzimático do citocromo P450. Determinou-se que a quantidade de nitrogênio exógeno interfere na eficiência da biodegradação, desviando o metabolismo para a via de germinação de esporos quando o nitrogênio estava presente em altas concentrações. Com base nesses resultados, P. chrysogenum tanto em sua forma livre como em sua forma imobilizada em biofilmes pode ser usado como tecnologia de biorremediação para o tratamento de águas contaminadas por atrazina.

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