Biosurfactant from Candida guilliermondii UCP 1592 for cleaning and degreasing applications

Yali Alves da Silva; Hozana de Souza Ferreira; Antônio Pedro da Costa Albuquerque; Gabriel Halliday de Albuquerque Borba; Leonie Asfora Sarubbo; Juliana Moura de Luna

doi:10.5327/Z2176-94782540

Autores

Yali Alves da Silva Universidade Católica de Pernambuco (UNICAP) - Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0708-7589
Hozana de Souza Ferreira Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE) - Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8111-2738
Antônio Pedro da Costa Albuquerque Universidade Católica de Pernambuco (UNICAP) - Brasil https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3475-7824
Gabriel Halliday de Albuquerque Borba Universidade Católica de Pernambuco (UNICAP) - Brasil https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6787-1238
Leonie Asfora Sarubbo Universidade Católica de Pernambuco (UNICAP) - Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4746-0560
Juliana Moura de Luna Universidade Católica de Pernambuco (UNICAP) - Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4619-6857

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5327/Z2176-94782540

Palavras-chave:

surfactante microbiano; leveduras; tensão superficial; dispersão de óleo; emulsificação.

Resumo

Biossurfactantes são moléculas com atividade superficial produzidas por microrganismos, cuja estrutura anfifílica lhes permite reduzir a tensão superficial e estabilizar emulsões. Este estudo avaliou a produção, caracterização, estabilidade, toxicidade e potencial de limpeza de um biossurfactante sintetizado por Candida guilliermondii UCP 1592. O composto foi produzido em meio contendo água destilada, 2,5% de milhocina e 5% de óleo residual de fritura, sob agitação por 144 horas. O biossurfactante reduziu a tensão superficial da água de 72 para 30 mN/m e apresentou rendimento de 18 g/L. Emulsificou eficientemente 100% do óleo de motor queimado, formando uma emulsão estável. Testes de toxicidade com Tenebrio molitor e Artemia salina não revelaram efeitos tóxicos, com 100% de sobrevivência observada. Nos testes de limpeza, o biossurfactante removeu 100% do óleo de superfícies de vidro, mesmo em concentrações abaixo de sua Concentração Micelar Crítica (CMC). Na remoção de óleo de tecidos de algodão, alcançou eficiências de 91, 70 e 57% nas concentrações de 2 CMC (0,6 g/L), 1 CMC (0,3 g/L) e 0.5 CMC (0,15 g/L), respectivamente. Esses resultados demonstram a eficácia, segurança e compatibilidade ambiental do biossurfactante, destacando seu potencial como alternativa sustentável aos surfactantes sintéticos em aplicações de limpeza e remoção de óleo.

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