Wood density of forest species in integrated crop-livestock-forest system in the Brazilian Amazon: challenges and opportunities for Bertholletia excelsa, Dipteryx odorata, and Khaya grandifoliola

Lizandra Elizeário dos Santos; Carlos Tadeu dos Santos Dias; Emanuel José Gomes de Araújo; Aureane Cristina Teixeira Ferreira Cândido; Paulo Campos Christo Fernandes; Arystides Resende Silva; Afonso Henrique Moraes Oliveira; Victor Hugo Pereira Moutinho; Lucieta Guerreiro Martorano

doi:10.5327/Z2176-94782370

Autores

Lizandra Elizeário dos Santos Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará (UFOPA) - Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1538-9656
Carlos Tadeu dos Santos Dias Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC) - Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1015-1761
Emanuel José Gomes de Araújo Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ) - Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2301-1031
Aureane Cristina Teixeira Ferreira Cândido Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará (UFOPA) - Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7540-1325
Paulo Campos Christo Fernandes Embrapa Cerrados - Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3312-1856
Arystides Resende Silva Empraba Milho e Sorgo - Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5128-7932
Afonso Henrique Moraes Oliveira Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará (UFOPA) - Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5128-7932
Victor Hugo Pereira Moutinho Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará (UFOPA) - Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7770-3087
Lucieta Guerreiro Martorano Embrapa Amazônia Oriental - Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3893-3781

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5327/Z2176-94782370

Palavras-chave:

plantios florestais jovens; propriedades físicas da madeira; potencial bioeconômico; Pará.

Resumo

A densidade da madeira é a propriedade física diretamente relacionada ao potencial madeireiro de uma espécie e influencia o serviço ambiental de armazenamento e sequestro de carbono. Portanto, o objetivo deste estudo foi de avaliar a densidade da madeira em diferentes níveis de umidade (aparente, anidra e básica) das espécies Bertholletia excelsa, Dipteryx odorata e Khaya grandifoliola em um povoamento florestal jovem cultivado em um sistema integração lavoura-pecuária-floresta. A Unidade de Referência Tecnológica, estabelecida em 2010, destacou a necessidade de intervenções de manejo até 2021 para evitar sombreamento excessivo e eliminar espécies fenotipicamente indesejáveis. Amostras de material foram colhidas em cinco alturas ao longo do tronco comercial para analisar a densidade da madeira (anidra, aparente e básica). Nossos resultados revelaram que D. odorata apresentou as maiores densidades (0,99, 0,91 e 0,83 g/cm³), enquanto B. excelsa e K. grandifoliola apresentaram densidades menores (0,68, 0,61, 0,55 g/cm³ e 0,61, 0,56, 0,51 g/cm³, respectivamente). Notavelmente, D. odorata exibiu um aumento na densidade básica de base para o topo, enquanto K. grandifoliola demonstrou maior homogeneidade ao longo de seu tronco. Os resultados apresentados fornecem suporte técnico robusto para informar a tomada de decisões sobre o uso de espécies nativas e exóticas em sistemas de produção integrados, além de enfatizar o potencial do sistema integração lavoura-pecuária-floresta como uma prática de produção sustentável.

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