Microplastics on the surface of marine waters of the coast of Santa Catarina (Brazil): identification by stereomicroscope and FTIR-ATR spectrophotometer

Elisangela Silva Lopes Ricardo; Überson Boaretto Rossa; Amarildo Otávio Martins; Eduardo Augusto Werneck Ribeiro; Costantino Vischetti; Cristiano Casucci; Gianluca Brunetti; Arianna De Bernardi; Enrica Marini; Francesca Tagliabue

doi:10.5327/Z2176-94781900

Autores

Elisangela Silva Lopes Ricardo Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC) - Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3821-2274
Überson Boaretto Rossa Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC) - Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1222-2236
Amarildo Otávio Martins Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC) - Brasil https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1029-137X
Eduardo Augusto Werneck Ribeiro Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC) - Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3313-6783
Costantino Vischetti Università Politecnica delle Marche (UNIVPM) - Itália https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9688-7544
Cristiano Casucci Università Politecnica delle Marche (UNIVPM) - Itália https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5473-2114
Gianluca Brunetti Università Politecnica delle Marche (UNIVPM) - Itália https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6490-9948
Arianna De Bernardi Università Politecnica delle Marche (UNIVPM) - Itália https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9333-9817
Enrica Marini Università Politecnica delle Marche (UNIVPM) - Itália https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4942-7519
Francesca Tagliabue Università Politecnica delle Marche (UNIVPM) - Itália https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0181-8503

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5327/Z2176-94781900

Palavras-chave:

polímeros; águas; resíduos; metodologia; monitoramento

Resumo

Os oceanos são um dos destinos finais da grande maioria dos resíduos plásticos; nesse sentido as partículas menores que 5 mm, classificadas como microplásticos, representam um desafio ambiental com impacto global em diversos ecossistemas. O trabalho avaliou a presença de microplásticos em águas marinhas do litoral norte de Santa Catarina (Brasil), abordando os procedimentos de amostragem, abertura, caracterização e identificação dos polímeros. Um equipamento de baixo custo desenvolvido com materiais de fácil acesso foi utilizado na amostragem, apresentando excelentes resultados em termos de flutuabilidade, estabilidade e resistência mecânica. A concentração de microplásticos obtida no estudo foi de 0,01 MP por m³. As partículas encontradas foram analisadas por estereomicroscopia e classificadas quanto aos aspectos morfológicos, com relação ao formato, em fragmentos 58,00%, filmes 25,00% e linhas 17,00%, e, quanto ao aspecto relacionado à cor, o azul foi predominante. A caracterização e identificação polimérica envolvendo os grupos funcionais foi realizada por espectroscopia de infravermelho com transformada de Fourier acoplada ao módulo de reflectância atenuada total (FTIR-ATR), e os tipos de polímeros identificados foram: polietileno 33,33%, polipropileno 25,00%, copolímero butadieno-estireno 25,00% e celulose 16,66%. O trabalho realizado contribuiu para a avaliação de uma área ainda não estudada com relação à presença de microplásticos em águas marinhas, ao mesmo tempo que descreveu detalhadamente as metodologias de análise de microplásticos propostas na literatura especializada.

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