Tilapia viscera wastewater: an innovative substrate for sustainable biosurfactant production by Penicillium citrinum UCP 1183

Everton Ricardo Carneiro Costa; Dayana Montero Rodríguez; Adriana  Ferreira de Souza; Galba Maria de Campos-Takaki; Rosileide Fontenele da Silva Andrade

doi:10.5327/Z2176-94782524

Authors

Everton Ricardo Carneiro Costa Universidade Católica de Pernambuco (UNICAP) - Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4132-9350
Dayana Montero Rodríguez Universidade Católica de Pernambuco (UNICAP) - Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8954-7309
Adriana Ferreira de Souza Universidade Católica de Pernambuco (UNICAP) - Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9527-2206
Galba Maria de Campos-Takaki Universidade Católica de Pernambuco (UNICAP) - Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0519-0849
Rosileide Fontenele da Silva Andrade Universidade Católica de Pernambuco (UNICAP) - Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8526-554X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5327/Z2176-94782524

Keywords:

fish processing waste; fungal surfactant; emulsifying properties.

Abstract

Sustainable fish waste management is a critical issue linked to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, particularly SDG 12 (Sustainable Consumption and Production). Improper disposal of fish processing residues, including viscera, causes significant environmental problems by worsening pollution and wasting valuable biotechnological resources. In order to contribute to the solution of this economic and environmental challenge, this study sought to use wastewater from the processing of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) viscera as a raw material for biosurfactant production by Penicillium citrinum UCP 1183. This strain was cultivated in alternative media composed of tilapia viscera wastewater and post-frying soybean oil, based on the concentrations established by a 22 full-factorial design. Biosurfactant production was verified in condition 4 of the full-factorial design, obtaining a surface tension of 36 mN/m. The biosurfactant showed an anionic and lipopeptide nature, moderate zeta potential, and excellent stability and emulsifying capacity. Hence, tilapia viscera wastewater proved to be an excellent substrate for sustainable biosurfactant production, minimizing the environmental impact of fish processing waste and promoting the circular economy.