Use of Myriophyllum aquaticum to inhibit Microcystis aeruginosa growth and remove microcystin-LR

Rafael Shinji Akiyama Kitamura; Ana Roberta Soares da Silva; Thomaz Aurelio Pagioro; Lucia Regina Rocha Martins

doi:10.5327/Z2176-94781309

Autores

Rafael Shinji Akiyama Kitamura Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR) - Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1925-3003
Ana Roberta Soares da Silva Instituto Água e Terra (IAT) - Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8060-0692
Thomaz Aurelio Pagioro Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR) - Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2169-6989
Lucia Regina Rocha Martins Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR) - Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9018-7176

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5327/Z2176-94781309

Palavras-chave:

alelopatia; cianobactérias; cianotoxinas; macrófitas aquáticas submersas; soluções baseadas na natureza.

Resumo

Florações de cianoabactérias são consideradas um dos maiores desafios na preservação de fontes hídricas, especialmente quando estão presentes espécies como Microcystis aeruginosa. A descoberta de alternativas de remediação faz-se necessária, e uma delas é o uso de macrófitas aquáticas, como as espécies do gênero Myriophyllum, que apresentam atividades alelopáticas para o controle fitoplanctônico. Diante disso, este trabalho teve como objetivos avaliar a inibição do crescimento de células de M. aeruginosa em uma coexposição com Myriophyllum aquaticum e avaliar a remoção de microcistina-LR. Os experimentos foram conduzidos com cultivos de M. aeruginosa (1x10⁶células mL^-1) em coexposição com M. aquaticum por sete dias. Os efeitos inibitórios foram investigados por contagem celular. Os efeitos nos pigmentos fotossintéticos foram mensurados, além da quantificação de microcistina-LR no último dia experimental. Para avaliar possíveis efeitos de competição por nutrientes e espaço, realizou-se a quantificação da concentração de ortofosfato total e utilizou-se um tratamento com planta de plástico. Os experimentos com M. aquaticum apresentaram inibição total do crescimento de M. aeruginosa e redução significativa na concentração dos pigmentos fotossintéticos (> 98%). Além disso, foi constatada redução na concentração de microcistina-LR (79%) nos testes com macrófitas quando comparadas ao grupo controle. Não foi observada competição por espaço e nutrientes, o que demonstra que os efeitos sobre M. aeruginosa foram causados pela presença da macrófita aquática. Dessa forma, estes resultados podem demonstrar que M. aquaticum gerou a inibição no crescimento de cianobactérias por efeitos alelopáticos, além de remover a microcistina-LR das águas.

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